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In computer networking, a bridge is a network device that interconnects more than one LAN segment at Layer-2. Bridges can filter traffic between different segments, thereby reducing the amount of traffic on LAN, even with many LAN segments. This bridge functionality is built into the Linux kernel, so one can set up a software bridge interconnecting multiple network interfaces.
In this post, I will describe how to configure a Linux bridge interface.
A Linux bridge can be created with a user-space command-line tool called brctl which allows you to create, remove and administer Linux Ethernet bridges.
To use brctl command, you need to install the following package.
On Ubuntu or Debian:
As an example, I will create a Linux bridge called br0 and add eth0 and eth1 interfaces to the bridge.
If the bridge br0 is to be assigned an IP address by DHCP:
In computer networking, a bridge is a network device that interconnects more than one LAN segment at Layer-2. Bridges can filter traffic between different segments, thereby reducing the amount of traffic on LAN, even with many LAN segments. This bridge functionality is built into the Linux kernel, so one can set up a software bridge interconnecting multiple network interfaces.
In this post, I will describe how to configure a Linux bridge interface.
A Linux bridge can be created with a user-space command-line tool called brctl which allows you to create, remove and administer Linux Ethernet bridges.
To use brctl command, you need to install the following package.
On Ubuntu or Debian:
$ sudo apt-get install bridge-utils
On CentOS, RHEL and Fedora:
$ sudo yum install bridge-utils
Create a Linux Bridge from the Command Line
To create a bridge named br0:
$ sudo brctl addbr br0
To remove a bridge named br0:
$ sudo brctl delbr br0
To add interfaces eth0 and eth1 to a bridge br0:
$ sudo brctl addif br0 eth0
$ sudo brctl addif br0 eth1
To remove an interface eth0 to a bridge br0:$ sudo brctl addif br0 eth1
$ sudo brctl delif br0 eth0
It is worthwhile to note that a Linux bridge created by brctl is NOT persistent, meaning that any bridge created by brctl will automatically be destroyed upon boot. If you would like to have a permanent bridge configuration, you need to use a separate configuration file in /etc.Create a Linux Bridge Permanently
In the rest of the tutorial, I will describe how to create a permanent Linux bridge interface from the command line using /etc configuration. If you want to use the GUI-based Network Manager to configure a Linux bridge, refer to this tutorial instead.As an example, I will create a Linux bridge called br0 and add eth0 and eth1 interfaces to the bridge.
Configure a permanent bridge interface on Ubuntu or Debian
You need to edit /etc/network/interfaces as follows.If the bridge br0 is to be assigned an IP address by DHCP:
auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual auto eth1 iface eth1 inet manual auto br0 iface br0 inet dhcp bridge_ports eth0 eth1If the bridge br0 is to be assigned a static IP address:
auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual auto eth1 iface eth1 inet manual auto br0 iface br0 inet static bridge_ports eth0 eth1 addressIf you want to set up a transparent bridge between eth0 and eth1, you don't need to assign any IP address to the bridge. In that case, the following will do.netmask gateway
auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual auto eth1 iface eth1 inet manual auto br0 iface br0 inet manual bridge_ports eth0 eth1
Configure a permanent bridge interface on CentOS, RHEL or Fedora
You need to update existing eth0/eth1 configuration in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth[0-1], and add bridge configuration in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0.
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 TYPE=Ethernet BRIDGE=br0
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1 TYPE=Ethernet BRIDGE=br0If the bridge br0 is to be assigned an IP address by DHCP:
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge ONBOOT=yes DELAY=0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp ONBOOT=yesIf the bridge br0 is to be assigned a static IP address:
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=To set up a transparent bridge between two interfaces:NETMASK= GATEWAY= ONBOOT=yes
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0 TYPE=Bridge BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yesDownload this article as ad-free PDF (made possible by your kind donation):
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